Quiz 2 material

[Robert Zellmer]

*Quiz 2 - Week of Feb. 19: Chapters 5, 6, 7.1-7.6, 8 and 9.1-9.2.*

The following info. can also be found at the "Quizzes" link and may be
easier to follow there,

http://chemistry.osu.edu/~rzellmer/chem1250/quiz/quiz_1250.htm


*Chapter 5:*

*We did not cover section 5.8 in the 10th-13th editions.

For the**14th ed. we ARE covering 5.8 as part of chapter 8 and
not covering section 5.9.*

Nature of energy, system and surroundings, work, heat, first law of
thermodynamics, internal energy (E), state functions, enthalpy (H),
how enthalpy is related to internal energy, how both are related to
heat and work, what does endothermic and exothermic mean and how the
signs of delta(E) and delta(H) are related to these and does this
mean if heat is a reactant or product, enthalpies of reaction,
calorimetry, heat capacity and specific heat, Hess's Law, enthalpies
of reaction, enthalpies of formation (delta(H_f)), how they are
defined and how to use them to calculate enthalpies of reaction.

For those of you using the 14th edition the quiz covers sections 5.1-5.7
and 5.8 (see ch 8 below for details and homework).
You should be able do to homework problems 5.1-5.12, 5.13-5.80,
5.99-5.112(a-b), 5.113, 5.118-5.126

For those of you using the 13th edition the quiz covers sections 5.1-5.7
You should be able do to homework problems 5.1-5.12, 5.13-5.80,
5.91-5.106(a-b), 5.107, 5.112-5.118

For those of you using the 12th edition the quiz covers sections 5.1-5.7
You should be able do to homework problems 5.1-5.12, 5.13-5.80,
5.91-5.106(a-b), 5.107, 5.112-5.118

For those of you using the 11th edition the quiz covers sections 5.1-5.7
You should be able do to homework problems 5.1-5.10, 5.11-5.78,
5.87-5.105(a-b), 5.106, 5.112-5.119

For those of you using the 10th edition the quiz covers sections 5.1-5.7
You should be able do to homework problems 5.1-5.8, 5.9-5.78,
5.87-5.101(a-b), 5.102, 5.108-5.115


*Chapter 6:*

Nature of light, understand what wavelength and frequency are and how the
are related, electromagnetic spectrum (rough idea of the wavelengths and
frequencies of various regions and the end limits for the visible region),
relationship between energy, frequency and wavelength, line spectra and
Bohr model, energy states of the Hydrogen atom, Rydberg eqn., wave nature
of matter, uncertainty principle, quantum mechanics (orbitals and
quantum numbers), representations of orbitals (probability density,
radial probability functions, how many peaks and nodes in these functions,
contour representations - shapes of the orbitals), electron configurations,
orbital diagrams, electron-dot (Lewis) symbols, exceptions to electron
config (Cu, Ag, Au, Cr, Mo).

You should be able do to any homework problem in ch 6.


*Chapter 7 (7.1-7.6):*

Understand Z_eff (effective nuclear charge - don't worry about Slater's 
Rules
for Z_eff in the closer look box in section 7.2), atom and ion sizes, 
IE, EA,
and their trends in the periodic table, be able to explain these
trends, be able to explain exceptions (mostly seen for groups 2A and 5A).
Be able to explain general properties of nonmetals, metalloids and metals.

*We skipped Sections 7.7-7.8.*

For those of you using the 14th edition do homework problems 7.1-7.66
7.79-7.107, 7.109-7.110, 7.115

For those of you using the 13th edition do homework problems 7.1-7.66
7.79-7.107, 7.109-7.110, 17.115

For those of you using the 12th edition do homework problems 7.1-7.68,
7.83-7.103, 7.105-7.106, 7.112

For those of you using the 11th edition do homework problems 7.1-7.68,
7.83-7.102, 7.105-7.106, 7.111

For those of you using the 10th edition do homework problems 7.1-7.64,
7.79-7.99, 7.104-7.105, 7.110


*Chapter 8:*

Lewis symbols and "octet" (noble-gas) rule, ionic bonding, lattice
energy (be able to calculate it but also understand the relationship
between LE, charge, size of ions and melting point), Born-Haber cycle,
electron-config. for ions (which electrons come out first), covalent
bonding, electronegativity (EN) and bond polarity, dipoles and dipole
moments, differentiating between ionic and covalent bonding (see notes
for how to do this based on differences in EN), Lewis structures
(including resonance structures and exceptions to octet rule),
strengths of covalent bonds (bond enthalpy calculations), relationship
between bond strength and bond enthalpy and bond length and bond order
(as given in the notes).

For the 10th-14th editions you should be able do to any homework
problem in ch 8.

*For the 14th edition you should also be able do to any homework problems**
**in 5.81-5.88*


*Sections 9.1-9.2:*

Electron-domain geometries and molecular geometries (shapes).  Know the
shapes and bond angles (whether exact or approximate).  Remember, the ED
geometry includes all electron pairs (lone pairs and bonding pairs, i.e.
atoms) and determines the overall molecular geometry and bond angles.
However, the molecular geom. is described by the atoms only (does not
inlcude lone pair electrons).  When a question simply states "what is
the shape or geometry of a molecule it is asking about the molecular
geometry (not the ED geometry).  If I want you to give the ED geometry
I will specifically state that.  Use VSEPR theory to predict ED and
molecular geometries.

For those of you using the 14th edition the quiz covers sections 9.1-9.2
and homework problems 9.1-9.3, 9.13-9.34, 9.85-9.89

For those of you using the 13th edition the quiz covers sections 9.1-9.2
and homework problems 9.1-9.3, 9.13-9.34, 9.85-9.89

For those of you using the 12th edition the quiz covers sections 9.1-9.2
and homework problems 9.1-9.3, 9.6, 9.11-9.36, 9.87-9.91

For those of you using the 11th edition the quiz covers sections 9.1-9.2
and homework problems 9.1-9.3, 9.11-9.30, 9.75-9.78

For those of you using the 10th edition the quiz covers sections 9.1-9.2
and homework problems 9.1-9.3, 9.11-9.30, 9.75-9.9.78

Sections 9.3-9.6: Covered in class but *NOT* on the quiz.

These sections will NOT be on the quiz.  I was reluctant to
leave this off the quiz but the above is enough.  Polarity of molecules,
valence-bond theory (and hybrid orbitals) are a bit tougher to understand
than the shapes and bond angles so I'm giving you a little more time to
study this material (and catch up).  I'm relying on you to realize you
need to get through these sections before lecture next week.  If not, you
will be too far behind. These sections will certainly be on the exam.
Also, for sections 9.7 and 9.8 look at the "Notes" link to see what we
are and aren't covering (we are not doing anything with the MO diagrams).

We will be in Chapter 10 next week.

Polarity of molecules.  This depends on the shape of the molecule and
what is attached to the molecule (atoms and lone pairs).  For instance,
a tetrahedral molecular geometry (also the ED geometry) can give nonpolar
only if all four entities around the central atom are identical to each
other (such as CH4, CCl4, etc.).

Valence-bond theory and hybrid orbitals and multiple bonding are in
sections 9.4-9.6.  This explains bonding and the shapes obtained for
molecules, at least when the central atom is from row 2 (linear,
trigonal planar and tetrahedral electron domains).


Dr. Zellmer


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