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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Given that the ‘black priests’ in
<i>Jacob’s Room</i> are in Italy, they are certain to be Catholic. But many priests from other denominations at the time also wore black, something that became particularly popular with the Anglo-Catholics, who were on the increase. A non-Catholic version of
a ‘black priest’ would be the Anglican Mr Bax from<i> The Voyage Out,</i> 'a stout black figure ... with a preoccupied expression', 'large and fat' with a face that looks 'smooth and white like a very large egg.' (Intriguingly, then, a black figure with a
white face.)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Incidentally, there is an age-old tradition of describing religious by colours, usually the colours of their clothing: hence the Blackfriars
(Dominicans, with black cloaks), Greyfriars (Franciscans) and Whitefriars (Carmelites).<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Jane<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#404040">Jane de Gay<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#404040">Professor of English Literature
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D"><a href="https://edinburghuniversitypress.com/book-virginia-woolf-and-christian-culture-hb.html"><span style="color:#0563C1">Virginia Woolf and Christian Culture</span></a>
(Edinburgh University Press, forthcoming June 2018)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D"><a href="https://edinburghuniversitypress.com/book-virginia-woolf-039-s-novels-and-the-literary-past-hb.html"><span style="color:#0563C1">Virginia Woolf's Novels
and the Literary Past</span></a> (Edinburgh University Press, 2006)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">Organizer of the
<a href="https://virginiawoolf2016.wordpress.com/"><span style="color:#0563C1">International Virginia Woolf Conference 2016</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#404040">Leeds Trinity University, Horsforth, Leeds, LS18 5HD<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#404040">+44 (0) 113 283 7329
</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:red">|</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#404040"> Email j.degay@leedstrinity.ac.uk
</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:red">|</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#404040"> leedstrinity.ac.uk<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:115%"><a href="http://www.leedstrinity.ac.uk/courses/reasons-to-choose-us"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#404040;text-decoration:none"><img border="0" width="269" height="39" id="Picture_x0020_3" src="cid:image019.png@01D3E086.F3A7DB60"></span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#404040">
</span><a href="http://www.leedstrinity.ac.uk/news/leeds-trinity-ranking-teaching-quality?utm_source=LTU_Email_Sig&utm_medium=Email&utm_campaign=LTU_Email_Sig"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#404040;text-decoration:none"><img border="0" width="187" height="39" id="Picture_x0020_9" src="cid:image020.png@01D3E086.F3A7DB60"></span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#404040"> </span><a href="http://www.leedstrinity.ac.uk/news/ltsu-named-nus-students-union-of-the-year?utm_source=LTU_Email_Sig&utm_medium=Email&utm_campaign=LTU_Email_Sig"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#404040;text-decoration:none"><img border="0" width="320" height="39" id="Picture_x0020_11" src="cid:image021.png@01D3E086.F3A7DB60"></span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#404040"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">From:</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"> Vwoolf [mailto:vwoolf-bounces+j.degay=leedstrinity.ac.uk@lists.osu.edu]
<b>On Behalf Of </b>Erica Delsandro via Vwoolf<br>
<b>Sent:</b> 30 April 2018 10:39<br>
<b>To:</b> Jeremy Hawthorn <jeremy.hawthorn@ntnu.no><br>
<b>Cc:</b> vwoolf@lists.osu.edu<br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [Vwoolf] black priests<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt">Hello!<br>
<br>
If I am not mistaken, black robes or black priests refers to Jesuit priests, who were known for their missionary work. I am not sure if this adds anything to the conversation, but just in case it is useful, I thought I'd share.<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">All best! -- EGD<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">On Mon, Apr 30, 2018 at 5:28 AM, Jeremy Hawthorn via Vwoolf <<a href="mailto:vwoolf@lists.osu.edu" target="_blank">vwoolf@lists.osu.edu</a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p>I had always assumed that "black priests" referred to Catholic priests, although on reflection the vestments they wore / wear are no blacker than those protestant priests wear (are they?).<o:p></o:p></p>
<p>Partridge's <i>Dictionary of Slang and Unconventional English</i> (my edition is the 8th) gives a couple of perhaps relevant entries.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p><b>black-beetle. </b>(2) A priest: lower classes: C. 20. Also, Mrs C Raab adds, used by English-speaking Roman Catholic seminarians. Ex. black clothes.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p><b>black fly.</b> Pej. for a clergyman: ca. 1780-1850. (Grose, 2nded.) Esp. in relation to farmers, who, on account of the tithes, dislike clergymen more than they do insect pests.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p>Perhaps my assumption that the black priests were specifically Catholic ones was based on the fact that at the time Woolf was writing, in continental Europe, Catholic priests seemed never to appear in public in non-clerical clothes, as Anglican priests often
did in Britain (with only the dog collar as a marker). But the entry for black fly clearly relates to Protestant priests (although in an earlier period).<o:p></o:p></p>
<p>Jeremy H<o:p></o:p></p>
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-- <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><i>EGD</i></b><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><i>she/her/hers</i><o:p></o:p></p>
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