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</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body lang=EN-US link=blue vlink=purple style='margin-left:3.0pt;margin-top:3.0pt;margin-right:3.0pt;margin-bottom:.75pt'><div class=WordSection1><p class=MsoNormal>Is there not a difference between changes of style and the simple ignorance that does not understand that ‘imply’ and ‘infer’ are different words meaning different things? Errors there will always be in printed matter, but they are still errors. The UK and the US have different conventions and differences of vocabulary (even after 30 years living in the US, I can’t quite get the usage of “quite” right, and forget about ‘flaky’—what is the UK equivalent?) but if one says “infer” when one means “imply” that is plain wrong. And an en-dash will never be an em-dash, whatever its aspirations. Size matters when it comes to horizontal lines.<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal>My unscientific survey reveals that books published by trade publishers (i.e. ones with money) are typically more accurate than those published by many university presses (who skimp on the copy editing). It would be a useful service to note egregious errors in the books we read….<o:p></o:p></p><div><div style='border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in'><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>From:</span></b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'> vwoolf-bounces+mhussey=verizon.net@lists.service.ohio-state.edu [mailto:vwoolf-bounces+mhussey=verizon.net@lists.service.ohio-state.edu] <b>On Behalf Of </b>Martin, James<br><b>Sent:</b> Friday, October 25, 2013 4:20 AM<br><b>To:</b> Diana Swanson; list', 'woolf<br><b>Cc:</b> Paul Skandera (paul@skandera.com)<br><b>Subject:</b> Re: [Vwoolf] "principle" in place of "principal"<o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Diana, I’ll give you the inside scoop on publishing companies and their editors. When I arrived at my current position, I cared about every comma, apostrophe and dash, be it an n-dash, an m-dash or a hyphen. There were differences in the usage and I wanted to adhere to the rules - not that I was a prescriptivist, mind you - but I simply wanted to do things correctly and in a unified manner. It turns out that when I asked the experienced, highly respected author of the company’s style sheet which dash should be used where, he said, “Relax, it’s just a horizontal line. Nobody cares.” <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>The readers, it turns out, “didn’t care” because they never complained to us formally about any abuses of punctuation. So if no one complains, you can’t be doing anything wrong, right? <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>However, when I was in school, I paid attention to these things from an early age and thought other pupils using our textbooks might notice the difference between random punctuation marks and those that seem to be used systematically. I am fully aware that standards change over the years (the interest in placing a comma before the final “and” in a series seems to wax and wane along with skirt length, for example) and am able to accept such changes. When you are working in a multilingual setting, and editors with backgrounds in British and American English who have been living in Germany for 20 years sit down at a table and try to set these rules in stone, it is difficult. The difficulty lies partly in the fact that we have read so many different publications during our studies and professional lives - encyclopedias and dictionaries from various centuries, magazines, newspapers, books, websites and textbooks (all with their own country of origin and printing, their own style sheets and editors or obvious lack of them) - that we begin to question what is indeed correct. We all had English teachers throughout our schooling who categorized gross errors according to their own educational backgrounds. And so they - and we - perpetuate stylistic myths and there is no one authority to answer all our questions. William Safire did it for years (and I loved his columns!), but I know of no one in the digital age who has offered his or her services as he did. Any takers?<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Jim<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><div><div style='border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in'><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>Von:</span></b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'> <a href="mailto:vwoolf-bounces@lists.service.ohio-state.edu">vwoolf-bounces@lists.service.ohio-state.edu</a> [<a href="mailto:vwoolf-bounces@lists.service.ohio-state.edu">mailto:vwoolf-bounces@lists.service.ohio-state.edu</a></span><span lang=DE style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>] <b>Im Auftrag von </b>Diana Swanson<br><b>Gesendet:</b> Donnerstag, 24. Oktober 2013 15:38<br><b>An:</b> list', 'woolf<br><b>Betreff:</b> Re: [Vwoolf] "principle" in place of "principal"<o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=DE><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Segoe UI","sans-serif"'>I have noticed more and more such mistakes in scholarly books and text books over the last few years; I think that publishers have laid off too many editors and copy-editors. The causes? Probably in large part the consolidation of publishing companies, the pressure for quarterly profits, and the cutting of university budgets (especially state universities) so that university presses are being starved of funds.<br><br>>>> Mark Hussey <<a href="mailto:mhussey@verizon.net">mhussey@verizon.net</a>> 10/24/2013 8:25 AM >>><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal>"Too fussy" might be a euphemism for "able to use words correctly." <o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><div><div style='border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in'><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>From:</span></b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'> <a href="mailto:vwoolf-bounces@lists.service.ohio-state.edu">vwoolf-bounces@lists.service.ohio-state.edu</a> [<a href="mailto:vwoolf-bounces@lists.service.ohio-state.edu">mailto:vwoolf-bounces@lists.service.ohio-state.edu</a>] <b>On Behalf Of </b>Sarah M. Hall<br><b>Sent:</b> Thursday, October 24, 2013 6:40 AM<br><b>To:</b> Stuart N. Clarke; woolf list<br><b>Subject:</b> Re: [Vwoolf] "principle" in place of "principal"<o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";color:black'>There was an interview on Radio 4 yesterday with a Scotsman who thinks that we are all too fussy about English grammar, and that phrases such as 'most beautifullest' are quite acceptable because Shakespeare used these constructions. The opposing view was that Shakespeare was writing poetry. Downward spiral?<o:p></o:p></span></p><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></p></div><blockquote style='border:none;border-left:solid #1010FF 1.5pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 4.0pt;margin-left:3.75pt;margin-top:3.75pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt'><div><div><div><div class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;background:white'><span style='font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:black'><hr size=1 width="100%" align=center></span></div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'>From:</span></b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'> Stuart N. Clarke <<a href="mailto:stuart.n.clarke@btinternet.com">stuart.n.clarke@btinternet.com</a>><br><b>To:</b> woolf list <<a href="mailto:VWOOLF@lists.acs.ohio-state.edu">VWOOLF@lists.acs.ohio-state.edu</a>> <br><b>Sent:</b> Thursday, 24 October 2013, 11:33<br><b>Subject:</b> Re: [Vwoolf] "principle" in place of "principal"</span><span style='font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><div id=yiv6357747453><div><div><div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black'>Of course, we all make mistakes, but there's just no end to failures in copy-editing.<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black'>There's something just not quite right about:<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black'>"This great church ... is crowned by the second largest Roman dome after St Peter's."<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black'>In his TV show, Dave Gorman pointed out the faux spectrum, as in something like "She has taken all the great tragic roles, from Ophelia to the Duchess of Malfi".<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black'>Stuart<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div id=yiv6357747453yqt01539><div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:whitesmoke'><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black'>From:</span></b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black'> <a href="mailto:jeremy.hawthorn@ntnu.no" target="_blank" title="jeremy.hawthorn@ntnu.no">Jeremy Hawthorn</a> <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:whitesmoke'><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black'>Sent:</span></b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black'> Thursday, October 24, 2013 11:17 AM<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:whitesmoke'><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black'>To:</span></b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black'> <a href="mailto:stuart.n.clarke@btinternet.com" target="_blank" title="stuart.n.clarke@btinternet.com">Stuart N. Clarke</a> ; <a href="mailto:VWOOLF@lists.acs.ohio-state.edu" target="_blank" title="VWOOLF@lists.acs.ohio-state.edu">woolf list</a> <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:whitesmoke'><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black'>Subject:</span></b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black'> Re: [Vwoolf] "principle" in place of "principal"<o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div></div></div><div id=yiv6357747453yqt90928><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div></div><div id=yiv6357747453yqt80869><div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black'>And another one. In the last week I have seen "interred" used where "interned" was correct, and vice-versa. Thus people of Japanese descent were interred during WW2, and the body was interned after the funeral.<br><br>Jeremy H<o:p></o:p></span></p><div><div class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;background:white'><span style='color:black'><hr size=2 width="100%" align=center></span></div><div id=yiv6357747453divRpF650005><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt;background:white'><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black'>From:</span></b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black'> <a href="mailto:vwoolf-bounces@lists.service.ohio-state.edu">vwoolf-bounces@lists.service.ohio-state.edu</a> [vwoolf-bounces@lists.service.ohio-state.edu] on behalf of Stuart N. Clarke [stuart.n.clarke@btinternet.com]<br><b>Sent:</b> 24 October 2013 11:51<br><b>To:</b> woolf list<br><b>Subject:</b> Re: [Vwoolf] "principle" in place of "principal"</span><span style='color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><div><div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black'>The 2 words are quite different, but I admit that I have to concentrate when typing them to make sure I've chosen the right one! I don't think they have (yet?) become interchangeable.<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black'>Unlike "imply" and "infer": in the Antipodes, even in scientific papers, the words are used interchangeably, although I was surprised to find the use as early as 1931, e.g.:<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='color:black'>M. H. C., 'The Scheme of Things', NZ <i>Evening Post</i>, Vol. CXII, No. 112 (7 November 1931), 9: '"Oxbridge" . plainly infers [<i>sic</i>] Oxford'; <a href="http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=EP19311107.2.40.1">http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=EP19311107.2.40.1</a></span><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black'>Stuart<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:whitesmoke'><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black'>From:</span></b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black'> <a href="mailto:abgrund@naver.com" target="_blank" title="abgrund@naver.com">Sunjoo Lee</a> <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:whitesmoke'><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black'>Sent:</span></b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black'> Thursday, October 24, 2013 10:38 AM<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:whitesmoke'><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black'>To:</span></b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black'> <a href="mailto:VWOOLF@lists.acs.ohio-state.edu" target="_blank" title="VWOOLF@lists.acs.ohio-state.edu">woolf list</a> <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:whitesmoke'><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black'>Subject:</span></b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black'> [Vwoolf] "principle" in place of "principal"<o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div><div><div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Gulim","sans-serif";color:black'>Hi, everyone, <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Gulim","sans-serif";color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Gulim","sans-serif";color:black'>I have been a bit bugged by seeing "principle" when the word has to be "principal." <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Gulim","sans-serif";color:black'>I saw that happening in doctoral dissertations and (in a few cases) articles from well-known journals, or even books from good publishers. <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Gulim","sans-serif";color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Gulim","sans-serif";color:black'>And this afternoon, from Heidegger's <i>Kant and the Problem of Metaphysics</i> (Indiana UP, 1997), I found: <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Gulim","sans-serif";color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Gulim","sans-serif";color:black'>"Thus the knowledge of beings in general (<i>Metaphysica Generalis</i>) and the knowledge of its principle divisions (<i>Metaphysica Specialis</i>) become a "science established on the basis of mere reason."" (6). <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Gulim","sans-serif";color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Gulim","sans-serif";color:black'>And now I wonder, has "principle" been accepted as an alternate spelling of "principal"? Only I haven't been aware of it? <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Gulim","sans-serif";color:black'>Dictionaries I use don't have such information. Has anyone else wondered about this? <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Gulim","sans-serif";color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Gulim","sans-serif";color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Gulim","sans-serif";color:black'>Sunjoo <o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellpadding=0><tr><td style='padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt'><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:black'><img border=0 width=1 height=1 id="_x0000_i1027" src="cid:image001.gif@01CED156.4942A4A0"><o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr></table></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt;background:white'><span style='font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></p></div></div></div></blockquote></div></div></body></html>