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<DIV>“And now, [the aeroplane] curving up and up, straight up, like something
mounting in ecstasy, in pure delight, out from behind poured white smoke
looping, writing a T, an O, and F.”</DIV>
<DIV>Gillian Beer wrote in "The Island and the Aeroplane: The Case of Virginia
Woolf":</DIV>
<DIV>“Toffs and toffee are lexically indistinguishable, farts in the wake of
lark, of sexual rapture.”</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>Stuart</DIV>
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<DIV style="font-color: black"><B>From:</B> <A title=fernald@fordham.edu
href="mailto:fernald@fordham.edu">ANNE Fernald [Staff/Faculty [A&S]]</A>
</DIV>
<DIV><B>Sent:</B> Tuesday, September 17, 2013 2:39 PM</DIV>
<DIV><B>To:</B> <A title=mcnar001@umn.edu href="mailto:mcnar001@umn.edu">Toni
McNaron</A> </DIV>
<DIV><B>Cc:</B> <A title=VWOOLF@lists.acs.ohio-state.edu
href="mailto:VWOOLF@lists.acs.ohio-state.edu">woolf list</A> </DIV>
<DIV><B>Subject:</B> Re: [Vwoolf] larks</DIV></DIV></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV></DIV>
<DIV
style="FONT-SIZE: small; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri'; FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #000000; FONT-STYLE: normal; TEXT-DECORATION: none; DISPLAY: inline">
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<H1 id=pagetitle
style="FONT-FAMILY: georgia,times,'Times New Roman',serif; FONT-WEIGHT: normal; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; CLEAR: both; MARGIN: 0px 0px 4px 9px; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.2em; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px"><FONT
color=#000000 size=2>Here is what my OED tells me about the etymology, which is
uncertain but does seem to support a link:</FONT></H1>
<DIV><FONT color=#000000><BR><FONT size=2></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<H1 id=pagetitle
style="FONT-SIZE: 3.4em; FONT-FAMILY: georgia,times,'Times New Roman',serif; FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: rgb(204,33,39); PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; CLEAR: both; MARGIN: 0px 0px 4px 9px; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.2em; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px"><SPAN><FONT
size=2><SPAN>lark</SPAN>, <SPAN style="FONT-STYLE: italic">v.<SPAN
style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: text-top">2</SPAN></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></H1>
<DIV id=entryPageContent
style="FONT-SIZE: 1.3em; FONT-FAMILY: georgia,times,'Times New Roman',serif; COLOR: rgb(51,51,51); PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; MARGIN: 0px; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.5em; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px">
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<DIV
style="FLOAT: left; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; MARGIN: 0px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px"><FONT
size=2>View as:
<UL
style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; MARGIN: 0px 9px 0px 0px; DISPLAY: inline; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px">
<LI
style="LIST-STYLE-TYPE: disc; LIST-STYLE-POSITION: outside; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; MARGIN: 0px; DISPLAY: inline; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.33em; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px"><A
id=viewOutline style="COLOR: rgb(51,51,51); TEXT-DECORATION: none"
href="http://www.oed.com/viewdictionaryentry:showfullentry/false?t:ac=Entry/105880">Outline</A>
|
<LI
style="LIST-STYLE-TYPE: disc; LIST-STYLE-POSITION: outside; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; MARGIN: 0px 0px 0px 3px; DISPLAY: inline; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.33em; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px"><A
id=viewFull style="COLOR: rgb(44,85,129)"
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<DIV
style="FLOAT: right; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; MARGIN: 0px; DISPLAY: inline; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px"><FONT
size=2>Quotations:
<UL
style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; MARGIN: 0px 9px 0px 0px; DISPLAY: inline; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px">
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style="COLOR: rgb(51,51,51); TEXT-DECORATION: none"
href="http://www.oed.com/viewdictionaryentry:showallquotations/true?t:ac=Entry/105880">Show
all</A> |
<LI
style="LIST-STYLE-TYPE: disc; LIST-STYLE-POSITION: outside; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; MARGIN: 0px 0px 0px 3px; DISPLAY: inline; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.33em; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px"><A
style="COLOR: rgb(44,85,129)"
href="http://www.oed.com/viewdictionaryentry:showallquotations/false?t:ac=Entry/105880">Hide
all</A> </LI></UL></FONT></DIV></DIV>
<DIV id=eid39741042
style="OVERFLOW: hidden; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; CLEAR: left; MARGIN: 0px; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.6em; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; WIDTH: 522px"><STRONG
style="FLOAT: left; DISPLAY: block; LINE-HEIGHT: 25px"><FONT
size=2>Pronunciation:</FONT></STRONG><FONT size=2> </FONT><A
id=pronunciationLink style="COLOR: rgb(91,133,177)" rel=39741044><FONT
size=2>/<SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 1.08em; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Arial Unicode MS',arial,sans-serif; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 25px">lɑːk</SPAN>/</FONT></A></DIV>
<DIV id=eid39741045
style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; MARGIN: 0px 1em 0.2em 0.7em; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px"><SPAN
id=etymologySpanBlock1><FONT size=2><STRONG>Etymology:</STRONG> Belongs to
</FONT><A id=c16 style="COLOR: rgb(91,133,177); TEXT-DECORATION: none"
href="http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/105877#eid39740766"
rev=/view/Entry/105877#eid39740766 rel=105877><SPAN><FONT size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-VARIANT: small-caps">lark</SPAN> <SPAN
style="FONT-STYLE: italic">n.<SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 0.6em; VERTICAL-ALIGN: text-top">2</SPAN></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></A></SPAN><SPAN
id=etymologySpanBlock2><FONT size=2>; the noun and verb appear first in 1811–3.
The origin is somewhat uncertain. </FONT>
<P
style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; MARGIN: 15px 0px 0px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px"><FONT
size=2>Possibly it may represent the northern </FONT><A
style="COLOR: rgb(91,133,177); TEXT-DECORATION: none"
href="http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/105171#eid39907331"
rev=/view/Entry/105171#eid39907331 rel=105171><SPAN><FONT size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-VARIANT: small-caps">lake</SPAN> <SPAN
style="FONT-STYLE: italic">v.<SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 0.6em; VERTICAL-ALIGN: text-top">1</SPAN></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></A><FONT
size=2>, as heard by sporting men from Yorkshire jockeys or grooms; the sound
</FONT><A id=pronunciationLink style="COLOR: rgb(91,133,177)" rel=39741057><FONT
size=2>/<SPAN>lɛək</SPAN>/ </FONT></A><A id=pronunciationLink
style="COLOR: rgb(91,133,177)" rel=39741058><FONT size=2>/<SPAN>læək</SPAN>/
</FONT></A><FONT size=2>, which is written <EM>lairk</EM> in Robinson's
<EM>Whitby Glossary</EM> and in dialect books, would to a southern hearer more
naturally suggest ‘lark’ than ‘lake’ as its equivalent in educated
pronunciation. On the other hand, it is quite as likely that the word may have
originated in some allusion to </FONT><A
style="COLOR: rgb(91,133,177); TEXT-DECORATION: none"
href="http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/105876#eid39739718"
rev=/view/Entry/105876#eid39739718 rel=105876><SPAN><FONT size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-VARIANT: small-caps">lark</SPAN> <SPAN
style="FONT-STYLE: italic">n.<SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 0.6em; VERTICAL-ALIGN: text-top">1</SPAN></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></A><FONT
size=2>; compare the similar use of <EM>skylark</EM> verb, which is found a few
years earlier (1809).</FONT></P></SPAN></DIV></DIV></DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_extra><BR><BR>
<DIV class=gmail_quote>On Tue, Sep 17, 2013 at 9:27 AM, Toni McNaron <SPAN
dir=ltr><<A href="mailto:mcnar001@umn.edu"
target=_blank>mcnar001@umn.edu</A>></SPAN> wrote:<BR>
<BLOCKQUOTE class=gmail_quote
style="PADDING-LEFT: 1ex; MARGIN: 0px 0px 0px 0.8ex; BORDER-LEFT: #ccc 1px solid">I
agree with Michael Davis in that both the bird and the playful gaminess is
going on in the reference. I also think about the fact that larks, when
they flourished, were often the very first birds to greet the dawn, hence they
were seen as excited about another day in which they could make beautiful
music, fly around, eat bugs, etc. So a imagine larks as exuberant, hence
perhaps how the verb "to lark" came into existence in the first place.<SPAN
class=HOEnZb><FONT color=#888888><BR><BR>Toni McNaron</FONT></SPAN>
<DIV class=HOEnZb>
<DIV
class=h5><BR><BR>______________________________<U></U>_________________<BR>Vwoolf
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clear=all>
<DIV> </DIV>-- <BR>
<DIV><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: sans-serif"><A
href="http://www.fordham.edu/academics/programs_at_fordham_/english/faculty/english_faculty/anne_fernald_28537.asp"
target=_blank>Anne E. Fernald</A></SPAN><BR><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: sans-serif">Director of Writing/Composition at Lincoln
Center,</SPAN><BR><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: sans-serif">Associate Professor of
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target=_blank>English</A> and <A href="http://www.fordham.edu/womens_studies"
target=_blank>Women's Studies</A></SPAN><BR><SPAN
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target=_blank>fernald@fordham.edu</A><BR><BR></DIV><SPAN></SPAN></DIV>
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