<html xmlns:v="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml" xmlns:o="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" xmlns:w="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:word" xmlns:m="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/2004/12/omml" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=us-ascii">
<meta name="Generator" content="Microsoft Word 15 (filtered medium)">
<!--[if !mso]><style>v\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
o\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
w\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
.shape {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
</style><![endif]--><style><!--
/* Font Definitions */
@font-face
{font-family:Helvetica;
panose-1:2 11 6 4 2 2 2 2 2 4;}
@font-face
{font-family:"Cambria Math";
panose-1:2 4 5 3 5 4 6 3 2 4;}
@font-face
{font-family:Calibri;
panose-1:2 15 5 2 2 2 4 3 2 4;}
/* Style Definitions */
p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal
{margin:0in;
font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;}
h2
{mso-style-priority:9;
mso-style-link:"Heading 2 Char";
mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
margin-right:0in;
mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
margin-left:0in;
font-size:18.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
font-weight:bold;}
a:link, span.MsoHyperlink
{mso-style-priority:99;
color:#0563C1;
text-decoration:underline;}
span.EmailStyle17
{mso-style-type:personal-compose;
font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
color:windowtext;}
span.Heading2Char
{mso-style-name:"Heading 2 Char";
mso-style-priority:9;
mso-style-link:"Heading 2";
font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
font-weight:bold;}
span.applelinksdark
{mso-style-name:applelinksdark;}
.MsoChpDefault
{mso-style-type:export-only;
font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
mso-ligatures:none;}
@page WordSection1
{size:8.5in 11.0in;
margin:1.0in 1.0in 1.0in 1.0in;}
div.WordSection1
{page:WordSection1;}
--></style><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:shapedefaults v:ext="edit" spidmax="1026" />
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:shapelayout v:ext="edit">
<o:idmap v:ext="edit" data="1" />
</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]-->
</head>
<body lang="EN-US" link="#0563C1" vlink="#954F72" style="word-wrap:break-word">
<div class="WordSection1">
<div align="center">
<table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%" style="width:100.0%;background:#EEEEEE">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td width="100%" valign="top" style="width:100.0%;padding:0in 11.25pt 0in 11.25pt">
<div align="center">
<table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="max-width:6.25in;background:#EEEEEE">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td width="600" valign="top" style="width:6.25in;padding:11.25pt 0in 11.25pt 0in">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#999999"><img width="231" height="33" style="width:2.4062in;height:.3437in" id="Picture_x0020_13" src="cid:image001.png@01DA33FD.73B70E50" alt="The Ohio State University logo"></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#999999"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<div align="center">
<table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%" style="width:100.0%;background:white;min-width:600px">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in">
<div align="center">
<table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="max-width:6.25in">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="padding:15.0pt 0in 0in 0in">
<p style="mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:9.0pt;margin-left:0in">
<span style="font-size:13.5pt;color:#949494;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.85pt"><a href="https://ohiograpeweb.cfaes.ohio-state.edu/blog/"><span style="color:#949494">Buckeye Appellation Blog</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<h2 style="mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:9.0pt;margin-left:0in;line-height:24.0pt">
<span style="font-size:19.5pt;color:#BA0000"><a href="https://ohiograpeweb.cfaes.ohio-state.edu/blog/december-21-2023-1059am/new-factsheet-available-ripe-rot-grapes-plpath-fru-0052"><span style="color:#BA0000">New factsheet available: Ripe rot of grapes PLPATH-FRU-0052</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></h2>
<p style="margin-bottom:.75pt"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;color:#666666">Thursday, December 21st, 2023<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#666666"><img border="0" width="130" height="8" style="width:1.3541in;height:.0833in" id="Picture_x0020_12" src="cid:image002.png@01DA33FD.73B70E50"></span><span style="color:#666666"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<div align="center">
<table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%" style="width:100.0%;background:white;min-width:600px">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in">
<div align="center">
<table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="max-width:6.25in">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="padding:15.0pt 0in 15.0pt 0in">
<p><em><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#666666">***This factsheet can be found on Ohioline at <u><a href="https://ohioline.osu.edu/factsheet/plpath-fru-0052" target="_blank"><span style="color:#005581">https://ohioline.osu.edu/factsheet/plpath-fru-0052</span></a></u>
or as a printable PDF online via the OSU Buckeye Appellation or Fruit Pathology websites.***
</span></em><span style="color:#666666"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><em><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#666666">By: Melanie L. Lewis Ivey, Associate Professor, Department of Plant Pathology, OSU CFAES-Wooster Campus</span></em><span style="color:#666666"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style="color:#666666">Ripe Rot of Grape<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style="color:#666666">Ripe rot is a late-season disease that primarily occurs in warm, moist, growing regions in the southeastern United States. However, outbreaks in Ohio and other states in the Midwest and Northeast occur when conditions are warm
and wet during fruit maturation. The disease is caused by multiple species of the fungus Colletotrichum. Ripe rot reduces fruit yield and adversely affects the chemical composition and quality of grapes and wine, leading to undesirable flavors and color.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><strong><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#666666">Disease Development and Symptoms</span></strong><span style="color:#666666"><br>
Ripe rot is caused by multiple species of the fungus Colletotrichum. In the spring, warm (77–86 degrees Fahrenheit /25–30 degrees Celsius) rains initiate the production and release of spores from tissues infected the previous season. Berries are susceptible
to infections from bloom through harvest, but symptoms first appear just after veraison (the onset of ripening) and close-to-fruit maturity. Symptoms on berries of white-fruited cultivars first appear as reddish-brown circular lesions (<em><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">Figure
1A</span></em>) that can be mistaken for sunburn or chemical injury. The lesions expand in concentric circles until they cover the entire berry. As the berries rot, they become covered with black spots (fungal fruiting bodies or acervuli). During wet weather,
the berries become covered with salmon-colored spore (conidia) masses (<em><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">Figure 1B and 1C</span></em>). Symptoms on red-fruited berries can be difficult to discern without the presence of spores and can be confused
with sour rot (see PLPATH-FRU-50 Sour Rot Disorder of Grape). Rain spreads spores to other berries and clusters. The berries eventually shrivel into hard raisin-like structures called mummies, which usually remain attached to the berry cluster. Disease symptoms
on the leaves, shoots, peduncles (cluster stems), or pedicels (berry stems) are not common. The fungus primarily overwinters on mummified berries and infected pedicels or peduncles, but also overwinters in woody tissues and dormant buds.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style="color:#666666"><img border="0" width="479" height="486" style="width:4.9895in;height:5.0625in" id="Picture_x0020_11" src="cid:image003.png@01DA33FD.73B70E50"></span><span style="color:#666666"><br>
<strong><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">Figure 1</span></strong>. Ripe rot of white-fruited grape. Reddish- brown circular lesions on berries are the first symptoms of ripe rot (A). Berries covered in fruiting bodies of the ripe rot fungus (B).
Salmon colored spores on the surface of a berry (C).<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><strong><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#666666">Management</span></strong><span style="color:#666666"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><em><b><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#666666">Cultivar Selection</span></b></em><span style="color:#666666"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style="color:#666666">All cultivated grape (North American, <em><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">V. vinifera</span></em>, and interspecific hybrids of
<em><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">V. vinifera</span></em>) varieties are susceptible to infection by the ripe rot fungus. However, some varieties appear to be more susceptible than others (<strong><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">Table
1</span></strong>). Susceptibility can vary from season to season.<br>
<br>
<strong><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">Table 1.</span></strong> List of ripe rot susceptibility of common varieties grown in the Midwest and Northeastern United States<sup>1</sup>.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<table class="MsoNormalTable" border="1" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="0" width="500" style="width:375.0pt">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt">
<p class="MsoNormal">Resistant<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td style="padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt">
<p class="MsoNormal">Chardonel, Concord, Delaware, Ontario, Syrah<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt">
<p class="MsoNormal">Susceptible<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td style="padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt">
<p class="MsoNormal">Chambourcin, Chardonay, Marquette, Merlot, Niagara, Neptune, Sauvignon blanc, Seyval<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt">
<p class="MsoNormal">Highly Susceptible<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td style="padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt">
<p class="MsoNormal">Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Carlos, Flame, Muscat, Golden Muscat, Petit Verdot, Vidal Blanc<o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p><em><sup><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#666666">1</span></sup></em><em><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#666666">Data from Shiraishi et al. 2007</span></em><span style="color:#666666"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><strong><i><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#666666">Cultural Practices</span></i></strong><span style="color:#666666"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style="color:#666666">Dormant season pruning to remove mummies can reduce the number of spores produced and released in the spring. Pruning debris should be removed from the vineyard before bud break, especially vineyards with a history of ripe rot.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><em><b><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#666666">Chemical Control</span></b></em><span style="color:#666666"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style="color:#666666">Fungicides applied early in the season, from bloom to three to four weeks after bloom, are effective at preventing infections and limiting late-season rot. If weather conditions favor disease development close to harvest (i.e.,
warm, wet, high humidity), additional fungicide applications are recommended. For late-season fungicide applications, always check the pre-harvest interval (PHI) of the fungicide to confirm that it can be used close to harvest.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style="color:#666666">Commercial growers can consult the <em><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">Midwest Fruit Pest Management Guide
</span></em>(Bulletin 506) and/or <em><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">Developing an Effective Fungicide Spray Program for Wine Grapes in Ohio
</span></em>(Plant Pathology Series No. 147) for current fungicide recommendations.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style="color:#666666">Backyard growers should integrate early-season fungicide application with cultural practices to control ripe rot disease. Ripe rot disease can be confused with other fruit rots, such as sour rot or black rot. Backyard growers
are encouraged to contact the C. Wayne Ellett Plant and Pest Diagnostic Clinic (<a href="https://ppdc.osu.edu"><span style="color:#005581">ppdc.osu.edu</span></a> or 330-263-3721) for disease confirmation before making late-season fungicide applications.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><em><b><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#666666">Post-harvest Storage Practices</span></b></em><span style="color:#666666"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style="color:#666666">Grape clusters with ripe rot can negatively affect the quality and color of wine or juice. Fruit infected with ripe rot fungus that have not developed symptoms may develop symptoms during storage. To prevent rotting while in storage,
sort out cracked, discolored, and rotting berries; place the berries in a breathable container; and store them at 30–32 F (-1–0 C).<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><strong><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#666666">Useful Resources</span></strong><span style="color:#666666"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style="color:#666666">To learn more, check out Ohio State University Extension resources on ripe rot of grapes and related topics:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><em><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#666666">Developing an Effective Fungicide Spray Program for Wine Grapes in Ohio
</span></em><span style="color:#666666">from <em><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">Fruit Pathology Laboratory
</span></em>website from Ohio State University Extension at <a href="http://u.osu.edu/fruitpathology">
<span style="color:#005581">u.osu.edu/fruitpathology</span></a>.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><em><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#666666">Sour Rot Disorder of Grape</span></em><span style="color:#666666">, (2021) from Ohio State University Extension’s Ohioline, at
<a href="http://ohioline.osu.edu/factsheet/plpath-fru-50"><span style="color:#005581">ohioline.osu.edu/factsheet/plpath-fru-50</span></a>.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style="color:#666666">Midwest Fruit Pest Management Guide (OSU Bulletin 506) from Purdue Extension Education Store at
<a href="http://ag.purdue.edu/department/hla/extension/sfg-sprayguide"><span style="color:#005581">ag.purdue.edu/department/hla/extension/sfg-sprayguide</span></a>.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><strong><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#666666">Reference</span></strong><span style="color:#666666"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style="color:#666666">Shiraishi, M., Koide, M., Itamura, H., Yamada, M., Mitani, N., Ueno, T., Nakaune, R., and Nakano, M. 2007. Screening for resistance to ripe rot caused by
<em><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">Colletotrichum acutatum </span>
</em>in grape germplasm. Vitis 46:196-200<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<div align="center">
<table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%" style="width:100.0%;background:#EEEEEE;min-width: 100%;max-width:100%">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td valign="top" style="padding:0in 11.25pt 0in 11.25pt">
<div align="center">
<table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="max-width:6.25in;min-width:600px">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td width="600" valign="top" style="width:6.25in;border:none;border-bottom:solid #DDDDDD 1.5pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in">
<table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="left" width="425" style="width:318.75pt;float:left">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="padding:22.5pt 0in 18.75pt 0in">
<table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="left">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in">
<p class="MsoNormal"><img border="0" width="276" height="57" style="width:2.875in;height:.5937in" id="Picture_x0020_10" src="cid:image004.png@01DA33FD.73B70E50" alt="The Ohio State University logo"><o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding:15.0pt 0in 0in 0in">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:16.5pt"><b><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333">College of Food, Agricultural and Environmental Sciences
<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:16.5pt"><span class="applelinksdark"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333">2120 Fyffe Road, Columbus, OH 43210</span></span><b><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333">
<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:16.5pt"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333"><a href="mailto:cfaeswebmaster@osu.edu"><span style="color:#666666">cfaeswebmaster@osu.edu</span></a>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:16.5pt"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333"><a href="https://cfaes.osu.edu"><span style="color:#666666">cfaes.osu.edu</span></a>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="right" width="155" style="width:116.25pt">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="padding:22.5pt 0in 7.5pt 0in">
<table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="right">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 3.75pt 0in">
<p class="MsoNormal" align="right" style="text-align:right;line-height:12.75pt"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#666666">College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Sciences
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in">
<div align="right">
<table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="float:right">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in">
<div align="right">
<table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tbody>
<tr style="height:21.0pt">
<td width="28" style="width:21.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:21.0pt">
<p class="MsoNormal"><a href="http://www.facebook.com/OSUFoodAgEnv"><span style="color:blue;text-decoration:none"><img border="0" width="28" height="28" style="width:.2916in;height:.2916in" id="Picture_x0020_9" src="cid:image005.png@01DA33FD.73B70E50" alt="View our Facebook"></span></a><o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</td>
<td style="padding:0in 0in 0in 7.5pt">
<div align="right">
<table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tbody>
<tr style="height:21.0pt">
<td width="28" style="width:21.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:21.0pt">
<p class="MsoNormal"><a href="https://twitter.com/cfaes_osu"><span style="color:blue;text-decoration:none"><img border="0" width="28" height="28" style="width:.2916in;height:.2916in" id="Picture_x0020_8" src="cid:image006.png@01DA33FD.73B70E50" alt="View our Twitter"></span></a><o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</td>
<td style="padding:0in 0in 0in 7.5pt">
<div align="right">
<table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tbody>
<tr style="height:21.0pt">
<td width="28" style="width:21.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:21.0pt">
<p class="MsoNormal"><a href="https://www.instagram.com/osucfaes/"><span style="color:blue;text-decoration:none"><img border="0" width="28" height="28" style="width:.2916in;height:.2916in" id="Picture_x0020_7" src="cid:image007.png@01DA33FD.73B70E50" alt="View our Instagram"></span></a><o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</td>
<td style="padding:0in 0in 0in 7.5pt">
<div align="right">
<table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tbody>
<tr style="height:21.0pt">
<td width="28" style="width:21.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:21.0pt">
<p class="MsoNormal"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC9zTurj_CO6ZMxNFq_MYoqQ"><span style="color:blue;text-decoration:none"><img border="0" width="28" height="28" style="width:.2916in;height:.2916in" id="Picture_x0020_6" src="cid:image008.png@01DA33FD.73B70E50" alt="View our YouTube"></span></a><o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding:0in 0in 18.75pt 0in">
<table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="right">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 3.75pt 0in">
<p class="MsoNormal" align="right" style="text-align:right;line-height:12.75pt"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#666666">The Ohio State University
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in">
<div align="right">
<table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="float:right">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in">
<div align="right">
<table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tbody>
<tr style="height:21.0pt">
<td width="28" style="width:21.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:21.0pt">
<p class="MsoNormal"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/osu"><span style="color:blue;text-decoration:none"><img border="0" width="28" height="28" style="width:.2916in;height:.2916in" id="Picture_x0020_5" src="cid:image005.png@01DA33FD.73B70E50" alt="View The Ohio State University Facebook"></span></a><o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</td>
<td style="padding:0in 0in 0in 7.5pt">
<div align="right">
<table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tbody>
<tr style="height:21.0pt">
<td width="28" style="width:21.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:21.0pt">
<p class="MsoNormal"><a href="https://www.twitter.com/ohiostate"><span style="color:blue;text-decoration:none"><img border="0" width="28" height="28" style="width:.2916in;height:.2916in" id="Picture_x0020_4" src="cid:image006.png@01DA33FD.73B70E50" alt="View The Ohio State University Twitter"></span></a><o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</td>
<td style="padding:0in 0in 0in 7.5pt">
<div align="right">
<table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tbody>
<tr style="height:21.0pt">
<td width="28" style="width:21.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:21.0pt">
<p class="MsoNormal"><a href="https://instagram.com/theohiostateuniversity/"><span style="color:blue;text-decoration:none"><img border="0" width="28" height="28" style="width:.2916in;height:.2916in" id="Picture_x0020_3" src="cid:image007.png@01DA33FD.73B70E50" alt="View The Ohio State University Instagram"></span></a><o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</td>
<td style="padding:0in 0in 0in 7.5pt">
<div align="right">
<table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tbody>
<tr style="height:21.0pt">
<td width="28" style="width:21.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;height:21.0pt">
<p class="MsoNormal"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/user/OhioStateUniversity"><span style="color:blue;text-decoration:none"><img border="0" width="28" height="28" style="width:.2916in;height:.2916in" id="Picture_x0020_2" src="cid:image008.png@01DA33FD.73B70E50" alt="View The Ohio State University YouTube"></span></a><o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding:15.0pt 0in 15.0pt 0in">
<table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="left" width="300" style="width:225.0pt">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:16.5pt"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"><a href="https://ohiograpeweb.cfaes.ohio-state.edu/node/910/%5bsimplenews-subscriber:unsubscribe-url%5d"><span style="color:#666666">Manage preferences</span></a>
| <a href="https://www.osu.edu/privacy/"><span style="color:#666666">Privacy Policy</span></a>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
</div>
</body>
</html>